INTRODUCTION . . 7

PART I - Traditions
CHAPTER 1: English liberalism . . 11
CHAPTER 2: French liberalism . . 27
CHAPTER 3: German liberalism . . 49
CHAPTER 4: Italian liberalism . . 67
ANNEX: The beginnings of liberalism in Poland . . 83

PART II - Contemporary issues
CHAPTER 5: Liberal ideology . . 97
CHAPTER 6: Liberalism vs. totalitarianism . . 113
CHAPTER 7: Liberalism and democracy . . 131
CHAPTER 8: The moral ideals of liberalism . . 145
ANNEX: Liberalism in Poland after communism . . 157

BIBLIOGRAPHY . . 163
INDEX OF PERSONS . . 167